Mai i taua wā, e tata ana ki te 200 ngā ture me ngā tāpiringa ki te ture kua whakatūria hei whakaea i ngā take e pā ana ki ngā ture whenua Māori. Ka hanga haerehia ngā ture, ka heke haere te nui o te whenua Māori.

Ko te whāinga matua o Te Ture Whenua Māori 1993, kia mau tonu te whenua Māori i te Māori. Heoi, nā te mea kei te mau tonu te Ture ki ētahi o ngā ture tawhito, kei te raruraru tonu te hunga nō rātou te whenua.

Nō muri mai i te arotakenga o te Ture o 1993 me ngā take whenua Māori (tirohia te wātaka ki raro iho nei), ka puta mai te whakatau, me whakamana te whenua Māori hei taonga tuku iho, me whakamāmā hoki ngā tukanga whakaputa whakatau e pā ana ki te whenua Māori mā te whakatūnga o tētahi Ture hou. Mā konei anō ka nui ake te mana whakahaere a ngā kaipupuri whenua.

I te tau 2013, ka whakaaetia ngā tohutohu a te Rūnanga o te Kāwanatanga mō te whakatūnga o tētahi pire hou, nā, i te tau 2014, ka whakahaerehia ngā huihuinga whenua Māori huri noa i te motu.

Nui atu i te 40 tau a Tā Taihākurei Durie e mahi ana mō ngā take whenua hei Kaiwhakawā i te Kōti Whenua Māori, hei Heamana anō o Te Rōpū Whakamana i te Tiriti o Waitangi. Hei tāna, e ahu atu ana ngā whakahoutanga nei “ki te ara tika.”

“Ka tīmata ake ahau ki te Kōti Whenua Māori i te tau 1974, otirā, ki a au, mō ētahi o ngā whakataunga a te kōti, ka pai kē atu mēnā kei ngā kaipupuri whenua kē te mana whakatau.”

Ko tētahi o ngā whāinga matua a ngā whakahoutanga ko te whakatūnga o te Ratonga Whenua Māori hei āwhina i ngā kaipupuri whenua ki te whakaputa whakatau e pā ana ki ō rātou whenua.

Ko ngā momo ratonga a te tari hou nei, ko te tuku pārongo mō ngā kaipupuri whenua me ngā mana whakahaere, ko te whakaemi anō i ngā momo ratonga kei raro i ngā tari whakahaere pērā i te Land Information New Zealand (LINZ), i Te Puni Kōkiri me te Kōti Whenua Māori.

Ko tā te Ratonga Whenua Māori anō, he āwhina i ngā kaipupuri whenua Māori ki te whiriwhiri i te momo whakahaere e tika ana hei whakatutuki i ō rātou hiahia. Ka rēhitahia ā rātou whakatau e pā ana ki te taha whakahaere, ka tiakina hoki ngā pūranga kōrero mō ngā kaipupuri me ngā taitara whenua kia kore ai ngā kaipupuri whenua e mate ki te kimi whakatau mai i te Kōti Whenua Māori.

Kei te tautoko a Mataanuku Mahuika i te whakamanatanga o ngā whakatau a ngā kaipupuri whenua Māori. Ko ia te Heamana o te Rōpū Arotake i Te Ture Whenua Māori i te tau 2012, ko ia anō tētahi o ngā mema o Te Rōpū Tohutohu a te Minita e whakarite ana i te Pire hou. Heoi, ko ōna wheako whaiaro kē te mea e kōkiri ana i tōna hiahia ki ngā whakahoutanga.

“Ka kite ana ō tātou iwi i ngā kaipupuri whenua e kōkiri ana i ō rātou ake kaupapa, waihoki, e tautokona ana rātou e tētahi Ratonga Whenua Māori, ka kuhu mai hoki rātou ki te kaupapa. He mea pai tērā.”

Heoi anō, ahakoa kei te tautoko a Mataanuku Mahuika i te whakamanatanga o ngā kaipupuri whenua hei kaikōkiri mō ā rātou ake take, hei tāna, me ū tonu te ringa kaha o te Kōti Whenua Māori.

“Me kaha tonu te ringa o te Kōti Whenua Māori ki te whakaea i ngā take, ki te whakatika rānei i ngā mahi hē. He tūnga hira tonu tā te Kōti.”

Ko Harvey Bell tētahi o ngā māngai o FOMA i roto i ngā huihuinga mō te whakahoutanga o Te Ture Whenua Māori. He kaitiaki, he hekeretari hoki a ia ki runga i te Kaporeihana o Morikaunui ki Whanganui. Kei te kite mārika ia i ngā painga o te Ture hou.

“Ki te kite atu ngā tāngata i te hīnātore i te mutunga o te ana roa o ngā tukanga whenua, ko te painga atu tērā.”

Ki tā Liz Mellish, te Heamana o te Palmerston North Māori Reserve Trust, he mea pai te whakahāngai i ngā tukanga me ngā ratonga mā ngā kaipupuri whenua Māori.

“He uaua rawa ngā āhuatanga rā mā te tangata, mā ngā whānau anō. Me pono taku kōrero, e kore rawa ngā mahi a tētahi whakahaere Pākehā e tāmia e ngā momo ture e whakataumaha ana i a mātou.

Hei tā Harvey Bell, ko tētahi āhuatanga pai ki a ia ko te pono o ngā huihuinga me ngā whakawhitinga kōrero. E whakaae ana a Liz Mellish ki te hāngai o ngā kōrero.

“He wāhanga i te tauira hukihuki a te Pire kāore i pai ki ētahi o mātou, otirā, ka mātua whakamōhio atu ki a rātou. Nā, he hikinga ngākau ki te kite atu i ētahi o ngā whakahoutanga matua, ā, kua whakaaetia ērā e te Rūnanga o te Kāwanatanga.”

I runga i te whakaae a te Rūnanga o te Kāwanatanga i te marama o Whiringa-ā-rangi 2015, ko ngā whakahoutanga matua nō muri mai i ngā huihuinga ki ngā kaipupuri whenua Māori ko ēnei:

• kua tangohia te kaupapa mō te kaiwhakarite;
• kua whakahoutia ngā wāhanga e pā ana ki te kaupapa me ngā mātāpono kia hāngai ake ngā kōrero ki te kupu whakataki o Te Ture Whenua Māori 1993;
• e āhei ana ngā whānau ki te tautohu i tētahi tangata takitahi ki te whiwhi i te whenua o te tangata i mate wira-kore. Kāore he take o te whakatū i tētahi Whānau Trust;
• e wātea ana te Kōti Whenua Māori ki te whakaputa whakatau mō ngā tono ki te whakarerekē i te tū o te whenua Māori ki raro i ngā kōti;
• ka ū tonu ngā āhuatanga o ngā whakahaere me ngā kaporeihana Māori. E wātea ana rātou ki te huri hei rangatōpū – heoi, kei a rātou anō te tikanga.

Ko te tūmanako, ka whakatakotohia te Pire ki te Whare Pāremata i te tīmatanga o te tau 2016, kātahi ka tukuna ki te Kōmiti Whiriwhiri. Ka kimi anō te Kōmiti Whiriwhiri i ngā tāpaenga kōrero a te hunga tūmatanui. He huarahi anō tēnei e taea ai e ngā kaipupuri whenua Māori te whakaputa ō rātou whakaaro.

Otirā, ka haere tonu ngā whakaritenga e pā ana ki te hanganga me te mahi a te Ratonga Whenua Māori i te tau 2016.

 

Te Ture Whenua Māori

I ngā tau 40 kua pahure, koianei te whakahoutanga nui ki Te Ture Whenua Māori. I te roanga o taua wā, ko te hiahia o te Māori ko te tino rangatiratanga o ō rātou whenua.

Ko tō rātou tino hiahia kia tiakina te whenua mō ngā whakatipuranga o ēnei rā me ngā rā e tū mai nei. Ko tā rātou tono, kia wetekina ngā here ā-ture e aukati ana i te whanaketanga mai o ō rātou whenua.

Te whāinga

Ko te whāinga a te whakahoutanga o Te Ture Whenua Māori ko te whakamana i te whenua Māori hei taonga tuku iho, otirā, te waihanga me te whakahāngai i ngā ture hei tautoko i ngā momo mahinga whenua.

E toru ngā wāhanga o te whakahoutanga – ko te whakahāngai i te taha ture, ko te tautoko i ngā kaipupuri whenua me te whakapiki ake i ngā whakaputanga.

Te whakahāngai i te taha ture

Ko tā te taha ture:

• he whakamana i te whenua Māori hei taonga tuku iho
• he tautoko, he whakatairanga i te whenua Māori kia noho pūmau ki ngā kaipupuri hei whakamahi mā rātou
• he tuku i te mana whakahaere ki ngā kaipupuri whenua Māori kia wātea rātou ki te whai i ō rātou wawata mō te whanaketanga me te oranga pūmau o ō rātou whenua

Te tautoko

Ko tā te ratonga tautoko:

• he tautoko i ngā whakatau a ngā kaipupuri whenua, he whakatairanga i te whai wāhitanga
• he whakahaere i ngā rārangi kaipupuri whenua Māori kia tika ai te whakatakoto, kia wātea hoki ngā pūranga kōrero ki te katoa
• he tuku pārongo ki ngā kaipupuri whenua, he kimi huarahi e ea ai ngā nawe ki waho atu o ngā kōti
• he whakamāmā i te rēhitatanga o ngā momo whakahaere whenua Māori.

Te whakapiki ake i ngā hua

Mā ngā whakahoutanga nei:

• ka rangona, ka whakatinanahia hoki ngā whakatau a ngā kaipupuri whenua Māori  
• ka nui ake ngā hua ka puta mai i te whakamahinga o te whenua Māori .